Chinese Physics C

Double-folding analysis of elastic and inelastic ³He-nucleus scattering at 60 MeV

A. F. Hamza, N. A. El-Nohy

Published:

Abstract:
The study investigated the elastic and inelastic scattering of ³He particles from ¹²C, ¹⁶O, ²⁴Mg, and ²⁸Si nuclei at 60 MeV using a double-folding approach with four newly derived effective nucleon-nucleon interactions (R3Y(HS), R3Y(L1), R3Y(W), and R3Y(Z)) derived from the relativistic mean-field (RMF) theory. The four derived effective NN interactions exhibited strong sensitivity to the choice of exchange potential. Regularizing NN interactions improved the agreement between calculated folded potentials and experimental data. Normalization constants for the R3Y(HS) interaction suggest its superiority over the R3Y(L1) and R3Y(W) interactions within the double-folding framework. Transition potentials based on two models, deformed potential and double folding potential, were used to describe inelastic scattering. Physically consistent deformation parameters were obtained. The deformed potential model yielded better results for ¹²C and ¹⁶O, whereas the double folding model performed better for ²⁴Mg and ²⁸Si, suggesting the double folding model's advantage is limited for lighter targets. The Bohr-Mottelson transition density effectively described 2⁺ states but was less suitable for the 3⁻ state of ¹⁶O, for which a Tassie-like transition density provided improved agreement.

Inelastic heavy quarkonium photoproduction in p-p and Pb-Pb collisions at LHC energies

Zhi-Lei Ma, Zhun Lu, Hao Liu, Li Zhang

Published:

Abstract:
We study the inelastic charmonium (

\begin{document}$ J/\psi $\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$ \psi(2S) $\end{document}

) and bottomonium (

\begin{document}$ \Upsilon(nS) $\end{document}

) photoproduction and fragmentation processes in p-p and

\begin{document}$ Pb $\end{document}

-

\begin{document}$ Pb $\end{document}

collisions at LHC energies, where the ultra-incoherent photon emission is included. In the framework of the NRQCD factorization approach, an exact treatment is developed which recovers Weizsäcker-Williams approximation (WWA) near the region

\begin{document}$ Q^{2}\sim0 $\end{document}

, where the methods of Martin-Ryskin and BCCKL are used to avoid double counting. We calculate the

\begin{document}$ Q^{2} $\end{document}

, y, z,

\begin{document}$ \sqrt{s} $\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$ p_{T} $\end{document}

dependent and the total cross sections. It turns out that the inelastic photoproduction and fragmentation processes provide valuable contributions to the heavy quarkonium production, especially in the large

\begin{document}$ p_{T} $\end{document}

regions. While the relative contribution of ultra-incoherent photon channel is very important, which rapidly increases along with the growing quarkonium mass, and begins to dominate the photoproduction processes at large

\begin{document}$ p_{T} $\end{document}

ranges. Moreover, we obtain the complete validity scopes of WWA in inelastic heavy quarkonium photoproduction in heavy-ion collisions. WWA has a much higher accuracy at high energies and in

\begin{document}$ Pb $\end{document}

-

\begin{document}$ Pb $\end{document}

collisions. The existing photon spectra are generally derived beyond the applicable scopes of WWA, and the double counting exists when the different channels are considered simultaneously.

Revisiting the deuteron mass radius via near-threshold ρ⁰, ω and ϕ meson photoproduction

Xiaoxuan Lin, Wei Kou, Shixin Fu, Rong Wang, Chengdong Han, Xurong Chen

Published:

Abstract:
We present a comprehensive analysis of near-threshold photoproduction of

\begin{document}$\rho^0$\end{document}

, ω, and ϕ mesons on a deuterium target, utilizing published datasets from DESY and SLAC for

\begin{document}$\rho^0$\end{document}

and ω production, as well as data from the LEPS and CLAS Collaborations for ϕ production. In extracting the deuteron mass radius, we adopt a dipole parametrization for the scalar gravitational form factor, which effectively captures the

\begin{document}$|t|$\end{document}

-dependence of the differential cross sections associated with vector meson photoproduction. In addition, results from alternative commonly used form factor parametrizations are also considered and compared. Employing the vector meson dominance (VMD) framework and invoking low-energy Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) theorems, we extract the deuteron mass radius from near-threshold photoproduction data of

\begin{document}$\rho^0$\end{document}

, ω, and ϕ mesons. The mass radii obtained from the various datasets are found to be consistent within statistical uncertainties, yielding an average value of

\begin{document}$2.03 \pm 0.13$\end{document}

fm under the dipole form assumption. We also provide a detailed discussion of the sensitivity of the extracted radius to different choices of gravitational form factor models. Our result represents a significant improvement in precision compared to earlier estimates based solely on ϕ meson photoproduction, offering new constraints for theoretical models of nuclear structure and deepening our understanding of the mass distribution within the deuteron.

Application of dynamical eikonal approximation in elastic scattering reaction within 10-60 MeV/nucleon

Xiao-Yan Yun, Dan-Yang Pang, Yi-Ping Xu

Published:

Abstract:
Application of the dynamical eikonal approximation(DEA) to elastic scattering for Coulomb-dominated reactions at low energy is studied. Our test case consists of elastic scattering for ⁸B, ⁹C and ¹¹Be on ²⁰⁸Pb at 21.3, 25.2 and 12.7 MeV/nucleon, respectively. We introduce an empirical correction to the DEA method to account for Coulomb deflection, which significantly improves the description of elastic scattering of weakly-bound nuclei on heavy target. The angular distributions of elastic scattering obtained using the empirical correction show a good agreement with experimental data down to around 10 MeV/nucleon. Furthermore, we study the the effect of relativistic kinematics corrections on the angular distributions of elastic scattering at incident energies between 20 and 60 MeV/nucleon. The results show that relativistic kinematics corrections are crucial for describing the angular distributions of elastic scattering as low as around 40 MeV/nucleon.

Charged-current quasielastic neutrino scattering off nuclei with nucleon-nucleon short-range correlations

Jian Liu, Qiang Su, Qinglin Niu, Lei Wang, Zhongzhou Ren

Published:

Abstract:
In recent years, many studies on neutrino-nucleus scattering have been carried out to investigate nuclear structures and the interactions between neutrinos and nucleons. This paper develops a charged-current quasielastic (CCQE) neutrino-nucleus scattering model to explore the nuclear mean-field dynamics and short-range correlation effects. In this model, the nuclear structure effect is depicted using the scaling function

\begin{document}$ f(\psi) $\end{document}

, while the neutrino-nucleon interaction is represented by the elementary weak cross section

\begin{document}$ \sigma_0 $\end{document}

. Results indicate that the double-differential cross section of scattered muon is influenced by the energy

\begin{document}$ E $\end{document}

and momentum

\begin{document}$ {\bf{p}} $\end{document}

of nucleon in nuclei, and the total cross section depends primarily on the incident neutrino energy

\begin{document}$ E_\nu $\end{document}

. Furthermore, incorporating short-range correlations yields the flux-integrated differential cross sections at high-

\begin{document}$ T_\mu $\end{document}

region producing larger values, a longer tail, and achieving better experimental consistency. It eventually elucidates the physical relationship between the neutrino-nucleus scattering cross section and the variation in incident neutrino energy. The studies in this paper furnish insights for the research of nucleon dynamics and provides detailed examinations of the neutrino-nucleus scattering mechanism.

Rotating and non-linear magnetic-charged black hole with an anisotropic matter field

Qi-Quan Li, Yu Zhang, Hoernisa Iminniyaz

Published:

Abstract:
We present the solution of a non-linear magnetic-charged black hole with an anisotropic matter field and further extend it to obtain the corresponding rotating black hole solution using the modified Newman-Janis algorithm. The event horizon and ergosphere of the rotating black hole are studied in terms of the perspective of geometric properties, revealing that the rotating black hole can have up to three horizons. The first law of thermodynamics and the squared-mass formula for the rotating black hole are derived from a thermodynamic perspective, based on which we obtain the thermodynamic quantities and study the thermodynamic stability of the rotating black hole. Additionally, we calculate the Penrose process for the rotating black hole, indicating the influence of various black hole parameters on the maximal efficiency of the Penrose process.

The influence of electron–electron interaction on pair production in supercritical collisions of highly charged ions

N. K. Dulaev, D. A. Telnov, R. V. Popov, V. M. Shabaev, Y. S. Kozhedub, X. Ma, I. A. Maltsev, A. D. Mironov, I. I. Tupitsyn

Published:

Abstract:
The effect of electron-electron interaction on positron emission in supercritical collisions of highly charged ions is studied within the monopole approximation using the time-dependent density functional theory and the time-dependent Hartree–Fock–Slater methods. Positron production probabilities and energy spectra are calculated for U–U, U–Cm, and Cm–Cm collision systems, considering both bare nuclei and highly charged ions with partially filled electron shells. The results demonstrate that screening of the nuclear potential by electrons along with Pauli blocking substantially reduce positron production and suppress the characteristic signatures of spontaneous vacuum decay, previously found in collisions of bare nuclei.

Probing Type II Seesaw Leptogenesis Through Lepton Flavor Violation

Chengcheng Han, Yijun Han, Sihui Huang, Zhanhong Lei

Published:

Abstract:
Lepton flavor violation (LFV) offers a powerful probe of physics beyond the Standard Model, particularly in models addressing neutrino masses and the baryon asymmetry of the universe. In this study, we investigate LFV processes within the framework of type II seesaw leptogenesis, where the Standard Model is extended by an

\begin{document}$SU(2)_L$\end{document}

triplet Higgs field. We focus on key LFV processes including

\begin{document}$\mu^+\to e^+\gamma$\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$\mu^+ \to e^+e^-e^+$\end{document}

, and

\begin{document}$\mu \rightarrow e$\end{document}

conversion in nuclei, deriving stringent constraints on the parameter space from current experimental data. We scan the 3σ range of neutrino oscillation parameters and identify the most conservative bounds consistent with existing measurements. Our results reveal that the MEG experiment currently provides the strongest constraints in the normal ordering (NO) scenario, while the SINDRUM experiment offers comparable sensitivity in the inverted ordering (IO) case. Future experiments, such as MEG II, Mu3e, Mu2e, and COMET, are predicted to significantly improve the sensitivity, testing larger regions of the parameter space.

Investigating the shadows of new regular black holes with a Minkowski core: Effects of spherical accretion and core type differences

Yi Xiong, Jin Pu, Yi Ling, Guo-Ping Li, Gao-Ming Deng

Published:

Abstract:
We investigate the shadows and optical appearances of a new type of regular black holes (BHs) with a Minkowski core under different spherical accretion. These BHs are constructed by modifying the Newtonian potential based on the minimum observable length in the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP). They correspond one-to-one with the traditional regular BHs with a de-Sitter (dS) core (such as Bardeen/Hayward BHs), characterized by quantum gravity effect parameter (

\begin{document}$ \alpha_0 $\end{document}

) and spacetime deformation factor (n). We find that the characteristic parameters give rise to some novel observable features. For these new BHs, the shadow radius and the photon sphere radius decrease with the increase of

\begin{document}$ \alpha_0 $\end{document}

, while the observed specific intensity increases. Conversely, as n increases, the shadow radius and the photon sphere radius increase, whereas the observed specific intensity decreases. Under different spherical accretion, the shadows and the photon sphere radius are identical, but the observed specific intensity under the static spherical accretion is greater than that under the infalling spherical accretion. In addition, we find that these regular BHs with different cores show differences in shadows and optical appearances, especially under the static spherical accretion. Compared with Bardeen BH, the new BH has a smaller observed specific intensity, dimmer photon ring, and smaller shadow radius and photon sphere radius. The larger

\begin{document}$ \alpha_0 $\end{document}

leads to more significant differences, and a similar trend is also seen in the comparison with Hayward BH. Under the infalling spherical accretion, these regular BHs with different cores only have slight differences in observed specific intensity, which become more obvious when

\begin{document}$ \alpha_0 $\end{document}

is relatively large. It suggests that the unique spacetime features of these regular BHs with different cores can be distinguished through astronomical observations.

Imprints of an early matter-dominated era arising from dark matter dilution mechanism on cosmic string dynamics and gravitational wave signatures

Shi-Qi Ling, Zhao-Huan Yu

Published:

Abstract:
We investigate the influence of an early matter-dominated era in cosmic history on the dynamics of cosmic strings and the resulting stochastic gravitational waves. Specifically, we examine the case where this era originates from the dark matter dilution mechanism within the framework of the minimal left-right symmetric model. By numerically solving the Boltzmann equations governing the energy densities of the relevant components, we meticulously analyze the modifications to the cosmological scale factor, the number density of cosmic string loops, and the gravitational wave spectrum. Our results reveal that the early matter-dominated era causes a characteristic suppression in the high-frequency regime of the gravitational wave spectrum, providing distinct and testable signatures for future ground-based interferometer experiments.

HEP ML LAB: An end-to-end framework for applying machine learning into phenomenology studies

Jing Li, Hao Sun

Published:

Abstract:
Recent years have seen the development and growth of machine learning in high energy physics. There will be more effort to continue exploring its full potential. To make it easier for researchers to apply existing algorithms and neural networks and to advance the reproducibility of the analysis, we develop the HEP ML LAB (

\begin{document}$ \mathrm{hml}$\end{document}

), a Python-based, end-to-end framework for phenomenology studies. It covers the complete workflow from event generation to performance evaluation, and provides a consistent style of use for different approaches. We propose an observable naming convention to streamline the data extraction and conversion processes. In the KERAS style, we provide the traditional cut-and-count and boosted decision trees together with neural networks. We take the $W^+$ tagging as an example and evaluate all built-in approaches with the metrics of significance and background rejection. With its modular design, HEP ML LAB is easy to extend and customize, and can be used as a tool for both beginners and experienced researchers.

A three-body form factor at sub-leading power in the high-energy limit: planar contributions

Yishuai Guo, Zhi-Feng Liu, Mingming Lu, Tianya Xia, Li Lin Yang

Published:

Abstract:
We consider two-loop planar contributions to a three-body form factor at the next-to-leading power in the high-energy limit, where the masses of external particles are much smaller than their energies. The calculation is performed by exploiting the differential equations of the expansion coefficients, both for facilitating the linear relations among them, and for deriving their analytic expressions. The result is written in terms of generalized polylogarithms involving a few simple symbol letters. Our method can be readily applied to the calculation of non-planar contributions as well. The result provides crucial information for establishing sub-leading factorization theorems for massive scattering amplitudes in the high-energy limit.

α-decay half-lives of superheavy nuclei within a one-parameter model

Li-Qian Qi, Hong-Min Wang, Jian-Po Cui, Yan-Zhao Wang, Jian-Zhong Gu

Published:

Abstract:
The α-decay half-lives of superheavy nuclei (SHN) with charge number Z≥104 are investigated by employing a phenomenological one-parameter model based on the quantum-mechanical tunneling through a potential barrier where both the centrifugal and overlapping effects have been taken into account. It is shown that the experimental α-decay half-lives of the 81 SHN are reproduced well. Moreover, the order of magnitude for the α-particle preformation probability inside a parent nucleus (

\begin{document}$S _{\alpha } $\end{document}

) is found as

\begin{document}$ 10^{-2} $\end{document}

. Then, within this model, the

\begin{document}$S _{\alpha } $\end{document}

values and α-decay half-lives of Z = 118-120 isotopes are predicted by inputting the α-decay energies (

\begin{document}$ Q_{\alpha } $\end{document}

) extracted from the relativistic continuum Hartree-Bogoliubov (RCHB) theory, Duflo-Zuker 19 (DZ19, here 19 denotes the numbers of the fitting parameters.) model, improved Weizsacker-Skyrme (IMWS) model and machine learning (ML) approach, respectively. By analyzing the evolutions of

\begin{document}$ Q_{\alpha } $\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$S _{\alpha } $\end{document}

and α-decay half-lives of Z = 118-120 isotopes with the neutron number N of the parent nucleus, it is found that the shell effect at N = 184 are evident for all the nuclear mass models. Meanwhile, for the case of the RCHB, N = 172 is determined as a submagic number. However, the submagic number at N = 172 is replaced by N = 178 for the ML approach.

Higher-order inner photon rings of a horizonless ultracompact object with an antiphoton sphere and their interferometric pattern

Yuan-Xing Gao

Published:

Abstract:
A horizonless ultracompact object can have a stable antiphoton sphere, which causes the strong deflection of photons inside the unstable photon sphere, leading to the formation of distinctive inner photon rings. In this work, we present analytical descriptions for the shape, thickness and interference pattern of higher-order inner photon rings. By taking the static spherically symmetric Schwarzschild star with a photon sphere as an example, we find that its inner photon rings can be more non-circular and thicker than the outer ones, and show that the inclusion of the inner photon rings can give rise to new features in the interferometric pattern. Our formulae can also be applied to other ultracompact objects, providing a convenient way to study the observational properties of their higher-order photon rings.

Universal momentum distributions for the spin-singlet NN channels

O.A. Rubtsova, V.N. Pomerantsev, L.D. Blokhintsev

Published:

Abstract:
The formalism for a quantitative treatment of high-momentum components of

\begin{document}$ NN $\end{document}

momentum distributions for the spin-singlet channels is presented. The approach suggests the use of a distribution for a virtual state in momentum representation for the

\begin{document}$ NN $\end{document}

channel in question as a universal one which can be further employed within contact formalisms for nuclei. It is shown how such distributions can be calculated from low-energy scattering wave functions in the same channels. As a result, a new characteristic (a constant) for the high-momentum part of the momentum distribution in a spin-singlet channel is introduced. As a test of the approach, we calculate the

\begin{document}$ pp $\end{document}

nuclear contacts for

\begin{document}$ ^3 {\rm{He}}$\end{document}

nucleus which occur to be nearly the same for four realistic

\begin{document}$ NN $\end{document}

interactions with essentially different high-momentum properties. Found results should be useful for researchers studying the problem of short-range correlations in nuclei. In particular, the approach gives a generalization for the formalisms based on nuclear contacts.

Black holes immersed in modified Chaplygin-like dark fluid and cloud of strings: geodesics, shadows, and images

Xiang-Qian Li, Yoonbai Kim, Bum-Hoon Lee, Hao-Peng Yan, Xiao-Jun Yue

Published:

Abstract:
This study investigates a black hole surrounded by a cloud of strings and a cosmological dark fluid characterized by a modified Chaplygin-like equation of state (MCDF),

\begin{document}$ p=A\rho-B/\rho^{\beta} $\end{document}

. We analyze its geodesic structure, shadow, and optical appearance. Analysis of the effective potential and epicyclic frequencies reveals that the existence of innermost/outermost stable circular orbits (ISCOs/OSCOs) for timelike particles is controlled by the parameters of the MCDF and the cloud of strings. The behavior of orbital conserved quantities and the Keplerian frequency are also examined. By equating the influence of the MCDF on the spacetime metric at spatial infinity with that of a cosmological constant, we constrain the MCDF parameters using the observed shadow radii of Sgr A* and M87*. We investigate the effects of the cloud of strings and MCDF on the black hole's shadows and optical images, assuming various thin disk accretion profiles. Using the method developed by Wald and collaborators, light trajectories are classified by their impact parameters into direct emission, the lensing ring, and the photon ring. The presence of OSCOs can lead to the existence of outer edges in the direct emission and lensing ring images. Observed brightness primarily originates from direct emission, with a minor contribution from the lensing ring, while the photon ring's contribution is negligible due to extreme demagnification. The influence of the cloud of strings and MCDF parameters on all results is analyzed throughout the study.

Application of physics-informed neural network on multidimensional quantum tunneling

P. W. Wen, C. J. Lin, L. Yang, H. M. Jia, N. R. Ma

Published:

Abstract:
Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for solving high-dimensional partial differential equations, demonstrating promising results across various fields of physics and engineering. In this study, We present the first application of PINNs to quantum tunneling in heavy-ion fusion reactions. By incorporating the physical laws directly into the neural network's loss function, PINNs enable the accurate solution of the multidimensional Schrödinger equation, whose wavefunction has substantial oscillations. The calculated quantum tunneling probabilities exhibit well agreement with those obtained using the finite element method at the considered near barrier energy region. Furthermore, we demonstrate a significant advantage of the PINN approach to save and fine-tune pre-trained neural networks for related tunneling calculations, thereby enhancing computational efficiency and adaptability.

Constraint of symmetry energy slope using neutron skins of ⁴⁸Ca, ⁶⁴Ni, ¹²⁴Sn, and ²⁰⁸Pb and its impact on neutron star radius

Y. Huang, K. X. Huang, Z. X. Yang, X. L. Tu, J. N. Hu, J. T. Zhang, J. F. Han

Published:

Abstract:
We constrain the symmetry energy slope L at the saturation density using the neutron skin values of ⁴⁸Ca, ⁶⁴Ni, ¹²⁴Sn, and ²⁰⁸Pb determined by various experiments. The resulting L of 50(6) MeV is consistent with the world-averaged value from different observables and methodologies. Furthermore, the implications of newly constrained L on the radius determinations of 1.4 solar-mass neutron stars are also discussed based on the established

\begin{document}$ R_{1.4}$\end{document}

-L linear relationships by the DD-ME2 and TW99 EoS families.

The robust occurrence of ∆I = 2 bifurcation in scissors rotation bands

Cui-Juan Lv

Published:

Abstract:
Based on the extended projected shell model – a microscopic nuclear many-body theory – we have revealed an unexpected phenomenon (

\begin{document}$ \Delta I = 2 $\end{document}

bifurcation) in rotational bands associated with scissors vibrations in

\begin{document}$ ^{156} {\rm{Gd}}$\end{document}

in our recently published article [Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 042502 (2022)]. In the present work, we extended the study by systematically changing the model parameters (deformation and strength of the monopole-pairing force) for the

\begin{document}$ ^{156} {\rm{Gd}}$\end{document}

calculation. We also calculated additional isotopes and isotones with respect to

\begin{document}$ ^{156} {\rm{Gd}}$\end{document}

. In all calculations, we found a similar occurrence of the

\begin{document}$ \Delta I = 2 $\end{document}

bifurcation in the results. We thus confirmed that the bifurcation behavior of the scissors' rotation bands originates from the self-organizing effects of deformed proton and neutron bodies during the scissors motion, independently of the model parameters.

Quantum Tunneling and Aschenbach Effect in Nonlinear Einstein-Power-Yang-Mills AdS Black Holes

Erdem Sucu, İzzet Sakallı

Published:

Abstract:
This study explores the thermodynamics, quantum tunneling phenomena, and unique orbital properties of Einstein-Power-Yang-Mills (EPYM) black holes embedded in Anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetimes, highlighting the role of the nonlinear Yang-Mills (YM) charge parameter γ. We derive explicit expressions for the black hole metric, horizon structure, and associated thermodynamic quantities, including Hawking temperature and phase transitions. Using the WKB approximation and Hamilton-Jacobi formalism, we investigate the quantum tunneling of massive

\begin{document}$ W^+ $\end{document}

bosons, revealing how nonlinear YM interactions significantly alter the radiation spectrum and emission rates. We analyze the effective potential for scalar field propagation, showing that nonlinear YM effects produce distinctive modifications in potential barriers and radiation emission processes. Additionally, our study uncovers the presence of the Aschenbach effect, typically exclusive to rotating black holes, in static and spherically symmetric EPYM black hole solutions.

The nucleon-Δ elastic cross section in isospin-asymmetric nuclear medium with the inclusion of scalar-isovector δ meson field

Manzi Nan, Pengcheng Li, Wei Zuo, Qingfeng Li

Published:

Abstract:
The production, dynamic evolution, and decay of

\begin{document}$ \Delta $\end{document}

particles play a crucial role in understanding the properties of high baryon density nuclear matter in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions. In this work, the energy-, density-, and isospin-dependent nucleon-

\begin{document}$ \Delta $\end{document}

elastic cross section (

\begin{document}$ \sigma^{*}_{N \Delta} $\end{document}

) is studied within the framework of the relativistic Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport theory, in which the

\begin{document}$ \delta $\end{document}

meson field is further considered beside the

\begin{document}$ \sigma $\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$ \omega $\end{document}

, and

\begin{document}$ \rho $\end{document}

meson fields. The results show that the

\begin{document}$ \delta $\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$ \rho $\end{document}

meson related exchange terms have a nonnegligible contribution to the

\begin{document}$ \sigma^{*}_{N \Delta} $\end{document}

compared to only considering the

\begin{document}$ \rho $\end{document}

meson exchange terms, although there is a significant cancellation on the cross section among these meson exchange terms. In addition, due to the different effects of the medium correction on the effective mass of neutrons, protons, and differently charged

\begin{document}$ \Delta $\end{document}

s, the individual

\begin{document}$ \sigma^{*}_{N \Delta} $\end{document}

exhibits an ordered isospin-asymmetry (

\begin{document}$ \alpha $\end{document}

) dependence, and

\begin{document}$ \sigma^{*}_{n\Delta} $\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$ \sigma^{*}_{p\Delta} $\end{document}

have opposite

\begin{document}$ \alpha $\end{document}

dependencies. And the

\begin{document}$ \alpha $\end{document}

dependence of the ratio

\begin{document}$ R(\alpha)=\sigma^{*}(\alpha)/\sigma^{*}(\alpha=0) $\end{document}

for

\begin{document}$ n\Delta $\end{document}

reaction channels follow

\begin{document}$ n\Delta^{++}>n\Delta^{+}>n\Delta^{0}>n\Delta^{-} $\end{document}

, while for

\begin{document}$ p\Delta $\end{document}

it is

\begin{document}$ p\Delta^{-}>p\Delta^{0}>p\Delta^{+}>p\Delta^{++} $\end{document}

. Moreover, the results also indicate that the isospin effect on the

\begin{document}$ \sigma^{*}_{N \Delta} $\end{document}

, which is dominantly caused by the isovector

\begin{document}$ \rho $\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$ \delta $\end{document}

meson fields, is still pronounced at densities up to 3 times normal nuclear density. Finally, a parametrization of the energy-, density-, and isospin-dependent

\begin{document}$ N\Delta $\end{document}

elastic cross section is proposed based on the microscopic calculated results, and the in-medium

\begin{document}$ \sigma^{*}_{N \Delta} $\end{document}

in the energy range of

\begin{document}$ \sqrt{s} $\end{document}

=2.3~3.0 GeV can be well described.

Two-body strong decays of the hidden-charm tetraquark molecular states via the qcd sum rules

Tao Hong, Xiao-Song Yang, Zhi-Gang Wang

Published:

Abstract:
In this work, we extend our previous work on the

\begin{document}$ D^*\bar{D}^* $\end{document}

molecular states with the

\begin{document}$ J^{PC}=0^{++} $\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$ 1^{+-} $\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$ 2^{++} $\end{document}

to investigate their two-body strong decays via the QCD sum rules based on rigorous quark-hadron duality. We obtain the partial decay widths therefore total widths of the ground states with the

\begin{document}$ J^{PC}=0^{++} $\end{document}

,

\begin{document}$ 1^{+-} $\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$ 2^{++} $\end{document}

, which indicate that it is reasonable to assign the

\begin{document}$ X_2(4014) $\end{document}

as the

\begin{document}$ D^*\bar{D}^* $\end{document}

tetraquark molecular states with the

\begin{document}$ J^{PC}=2^{++} $\end{document}

.

Lifetime measurement of high spin states in non-yrast bands in ¹⁷⁷Re

R. Bhushan, A. Pandey, A. Rohilla, R.P. Singh, S. Muralithar, A. Kumar, I.M. Govil, G. H. Bhat, J.A. Sheikh, S. Jehangir, S. P. Rouoof, N. A. Rather, Nazira Nazir, S. K. Chamoli

Published:

Abstract:
The deformation driving tendency of various single particle orbitals near the Fermi surface has been investigated with the lifetime measurements of high spin states in the non-yrast bands of

\begin{document}$^{177}Re$\end{document}

nucleus. For this study, the

\begin{document}$^{165}{\rm{Ho}}$\end{document}

(

\begin{document}$^{16}{\rm{O}}$\end{document}

, 4n)

\begin{document}$^{177}{\rm{Re}}$\end{document}

reaction at a beam energy of 84 MeV was used. In the measurement, the lifetimes of four lowest levels of

\begin{document}$\pi i_{13/2}[660]1/2^+$\end{document}

band and four levels of

\begin{document}$\pi d_{5/2}[402]5/2^+$\end{document}

(α = -1/2) band have been obtained. The extracted transition quadrupole moments for the

\begin{document}$\pi i_{13/2}$\end{document}

intruder band show a sharp increase with increasing level spin, indicating a major shape transition happening in this nucleus. The average transitional quadrupole moment (

\begin{document}${\rm{Q}}_t$\end{document}

), a measure of deformation, for the

\begin{document}$\pi i_{13/2}$\end{document}

band is found to significantly larger (

\begin{document}${\rm{Q}}_t$\end{document}

~ 8.7 (6) eb) than for the

\begin{document}$\pi d_{5/2}$\end{document}

(

\begin{document}${\rm{Q}}_t$\end{document}

~ 6.3 (5) eb) band. To interpret the observed shape changes happening in the two bands, the experimental transition probabilities for these bands are compared with the results obtained from Projected Shell Model (PSM) calculations.

STORI24: Constraining Explosive Nucleosynthesis by Indirect Reaction Methods at Storage Rings using unstable beams in batch mode

G. de Angelis, F. Recchia, J. Glorius, J. Gerl, B. Jurado, X. L. Tu, J. L. Lou, S. Carollo, C. Berthelot, N. Watwood, B. P. Kay, P. Aguilera, M. L. Avila, J. Benito Garcia, K. Bhatt, D. Brugnara, K. A. Chipps, A. Couture, A. Demerdjiev, G.D. Dimitrova, S. Dutta, A. Ertoprak, R. Escudeiro, S. J. Freeman, F. Galtarossa, E. Geleva, B. Gongora Servin, A. Gottardo, A. Hall-Smith, J. Henderson, C. Hoffman, R. O. Hughes, H. Jayatissa, M. La Commara, G. Leckenby, S. M. Lenzi, D. Mengoni, M. R. Mumpower, W. J. Ong, M. Paul, J. Pellumaj, C. Domingo-Pardo, R. M. Perez Vidal, S. Pigliapoco, A. Ratkiewicz, K. Rezynkina, S. Rocca, D. K. Sharp, Y. Sun, T. L. Tang, D. Tonev, I. A. Tolstukhin, G. Wendell Misch, M. Williams, B. Wloch, F. F. Zeng

Published:

Abstract:
Nuclear reaction studies on unstable isotopes can strongly help in improving our understanding of nucleosynthesis in stars. Indirect approaches to determining astrophysical reaction rates are increasingly common-place and undergoing continuous refinement. Of particular interest is the use of such indirect techniques at storage rings, which, among other allow to recycle rare unstable beams. We propose to investigate reaction rates of astrophysical interest using indirect methods (surrogate, Trojan horse….) in reverse kinematics at the IMP-CAS storage ring. Long lived radioactive ion beams, produced remotely, can be accelerated, and made interacting with light targets. Proposed reactions are ⁸⁵Kr(p,p’γ), ⁸⁵Kr(d,pγ), constraining the neutron flux in an s-process branching point, ⁷⁹Se(p,p’γ), ⁷⁹Se(d,pγ), constraining the temperature in s-process nucleosyntheses, ⁵⁹Fe(d,pγ), constraining core collapse supernovae.

The CP violations and branching ratios for B_c⁺→ D_(s)⁺π⁺π⁻(K⁺K⁻) from interference of the vector mesons in Perturbative QCD

Kun Shuai Ye, Gang Lü, Na Wang, Jian Chai, Xin-Heng Guo

Published:

Abstract:
Within the framework of the perturbative QCD approach utilizing

\begin{document}$k_T$\end{document}

factorization, we have investigated the CP violation and branching ratios in the decay processes of

\begin{document}$B_{c}^{+}\to D_{(s)} ^{+}V(V\rightarrow\pi^{+}\pi^{-})$\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$B_{c}^{+}\to D_{(s)}^{+}V(V\rightarrow K^{+}K^{-})$\end{document}

, where V denotes the three vector mesons

\begin{document}$\rho^0$\end{document}

, ω, and ϕ. During the

\begin{document}$V\to \pi^+\pi^-$\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$V\to K^+K^-$\end{document}

decay processes, we incorporated the

\begin{document}$\rho^{0}-\omega-\phi$\end{document}

mixing mechanism to describe the amplitudes of these quasi-two-body decays. Within the interference region of the three vector particles, we observed distinct changes in both CP violations and branching ratios. Furthermore, our study presents evidence for local CP violations and branching ratios that warrants further investigation through experiments.

Parametrization of zero-skewness unpolarized GPDs

Hossein Vaziri, Reza Shojaei Mohammad

Published:

Abstract:
Recent parameterizations of parton distribution functions (PDFs) have led to the determination of the gravitional form factors of the nucleon's dependence on generalized parton distributions of nucleons in the limit

\begin{document}$\xi \to 0 $\end{document}

. This paper aims to obtain the flavor division of nucleon electromagnetic and gravitional form factors using the VS24 Ansatz and two PDFs at

\begin{document}$ N^3L0 $\end{document}

approximation in GPDs. The PDFs and GPDs formalism enable the calculation of various form factors of nucleons in different approximations, as well as the calculation of the electric radius of nucleons. The study, despite its high approximation complexity, enhances the accuracy of calculations and brings them closer to the experimental values.

Effects of nucleon-nucleon short-range correlation on fragment generation in isotopic nuclear reactions

Ya-Fei Guo, Yong-Qing Feng, Zhao-Qing Feng, Gao-Chan Yong, Chun-Wang Ma

Published:

Abstract:
The effects of nucleon-nucleon short-range correlations lead to the high-momentum tail (HMT) in the nucleon momentum distribution, is displayed by the isospin- and momentum-dependent Lanzhou quantum molecular dynamics (LQMD) transport model. Based on the transport model, we studied the effects of the HMT of nucleon momentum distribution in initialization in isotopic nuclear reactions at a beam energy of 120 MeV/u. The single and double ratios of gas-phase neutron and proton spectra are analyzed and compared with experimental data in central

\begin{document}$ ^{112} {\rm{Sn}}$\end{document}

+

\begin{document}$ ^{112} {\rm{Sn}}$\end{document}

and

\begin{document}$ ^{124} {\rm{Sn}}$\end{document}

+

\begin{document}$ ^{124} {\rm{Sn}}$\end{document}

collisions. The HMT affects the single ratios but not the double ratios that can be employed to study other isospin effects more effectively. The ratio of triton and

\begin{document}$ ^3 {\rm{He}}$\end{document}

of light clusters contained in the gas-phase nucleons is certainly also influenced by HMT. Combining with the QMD transport model that can describe multi-fragmentation and the production of fragments in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions, we have studied the short-range correlation effect on fragments generation. It is found that the isospin-dependent high-momentum tail evidently affects the fragment multiplicity distribution and the average neutron to proton ratio of produced isobars.

The rotation effect on the thermodynamics of the QCD matter

Fei Sun, Shuang Li, Rui Wen, Anping Huang, Wei Xie

Published: , doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/add25e

Abstract:
In this study, we investigate the impact of rotation on the thermodynamic characteristics of QCD matter using the three-flavor NJL model. We examine the temperature, quark chemical potential, and angular velocity dependencies of key thermodynamic quantities, such as the trace anomaly, specific heat, speed of sound, angular momentum, and moment of inertia. As the main finding of our analysis, we observe that the speed of sound exhibits a nonmonotonic behavior as the angular velocity changes.

The Fox-Wolfram Moment of Jet Production in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions

Wei-Xi Kong, Ben-Wei Zhang

Published:

Abstract:
Fox-Wolfram Moments (FWMs) are a set of event shape observables that characterize the angular distribution of energy flow in high-energy collisions. In this work, we present the first theoretical investigation of FWMs for multi-jet production in relativistic heavy ion collisions. In this work, jet productions in p+p collisions are computed with a Monte Carlo event generator SHERPA, while the Linear Boltzmann Transport model is utilized to simulate the multiple scattering of energetic partons in the hot and dense QCD matter. The event-normalized distributions of the lower-order FWM,