Chinese Physics C

Highlights

Moments from momentum derivatives in lattice QCD
Zhuoyi Pang, Jian-Hui Zhang, Dian-Jun Zhao

2025, 49(10): 101001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/aded04

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We show that the traditional moments approach in lattice quantum chromodynamics based on operator product expansion can be realized such that it utilizes derivatives in momentum rather than in distance. This avoids power divergent mixings, and thus allows to extract moments order by order to all orders in principle. Further, by exploiting the symmetry of lattice matrix elements, we can determine the even and odd moments separately. As a demonstrative example, we determine the first three moments beyond the tensor charge $ g_T$ of the isovector quark transversity distribution in the nucleon.
Improvements of time-of-flight detector utilizing a thin foil and crossed static electric and magnetic fields
Tetsuaki Moriguchi, Momo Mukai, Naoto Kaname, Akira Ozawa, Shinji Suzuki, Yasushi Abe, Hiroki Arakawa, Tomoya Fujii, Daiki Hamakawa, Sakumi Harayama, Shun Hosoi, Yasuto Inada, Kumi Inomata, Reo Kagesawa, Daisuke Kajiki, Daiki Kamioka, Masanori Kanda, Atsushi Kitagawa, Takaaki Kobayashi, Daisuke Nagae, Sarah Naimi, Kunimitsu Nishimuro, Shunichiro Omika, Misaki Otsu, Mamoru Sakaue, Shinji Sato, Hibiki Seki, Naru Shinozaki, Takeshi Suzuki, Keisuke Tomita, Takayuki Yamaguchi, Yoshitaka Yamaguchi, Asahi Yano, Kenjiro Yokota

2025, 49(10): 104001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ade95b

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We developed a time-of-flight (TOF) detector with a thin foil for mass measurements of unstable nuclei using the Rare-RI Ring at the RIKEN RI beam factory. Compared to the previous design, the developed TOF detector employed modified electrodes, and its static electric and magnetic fields were reduced. We improved the detection efficiency and stability of operation. Its specification and design were finally fixed for mass measurements. We also developed a position-sensitive detector based on the principles of the TOF detector. This study utilized larger microchannel plate (MCP) detectors than those of the prototype. By improving acceptance, we demonstrated the performance of the position-sensitive detector with very low material thickness.
Unveiling the electromagnetic structure and intrinsic dynamics of spin-3/2 hidden-charm pentaquarks: A comprehensive QCD analysis
Ulaş Özdem

2025, 49(10): 103106. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ade95a

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In this study, we investigate the electromagnetic properties $ - $ specifically, the magnetic dipole, electric quadrupole, and magnetic octupole moments $ - $ of six hidden-charm pentaquark states: $ [u u][d c] \bar c $, $ [dd][u c] \bar c $, $ [u u][s c] \bar c $, $ [dd] [s c] \bar c $, $ [s s][u c] \bar c $, and $ [s s][d c] \bar c $. Employing the framework of QCD light-cone sum rules and utilizing two distinct diquark-diquark-antiquark interpolating currents, we focus on pentaquark configurations with spin-parity quantum numbers $ \rm{\mathit{J}}^{\rm{\mathit{P}}}=3/2^- $. The numerical results demonstrate significant deviations between the magnetic dipole moments predicted using different diquark-diquark-antidiquark structures. These results suggest that multiple pentaquark states with identical quantum numbers and quark constituents may exhibit distinct magnetic dipole moments, depending on their internal quark configurations. The obtained electromagnetic moments, particularly the variations in magnetic dipole moments, may provide insights into the internal structure of hidden-charm pentaquark states.

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Investigation of cluster states around ²⁰Ne including spin-orbit coupling and its extension to heavier nuclei
Tao Wan, Shu-Lin Tang, Yi-Bin Qian

2025, 49(12): 124103-124103-10. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adf317

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Clustering, as a fundamental dynamical feature existing widely in many-body systems, has aroused tremendous interest in nuclear physics over the last few decades. The α-cluster concept has been used successfully to describe the energy spectra and electromagnetic transitions for a series of nuclei above the doubly magic core. In the present study, we have systematically investigated the spectroscopic properties of three-nucleon and α-cluster states in ¹⁹F and ²¹Ne within the binary cluster-core model (BCM) plus the extra spin-orbit potential. The calculated energy levels and electromagnetic transition strengths, with few exceptions, are in good agreement with experimental data, confirming the reliability and integrity of BCM. Furthermore, such a BCM is extended to the case of cluster states approaching shell closures in heavier nuclei, such as ⁴³Sc, ⁵⁹Cu, and ⁹³Mo, leading to satisfactory reproductions and predictions on energy levels and reduced transition rates. It is expected that the present study can provide further insight into the cluster degrees of freedom in odd-A nuclei.

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Theoretical study of Strong gravitational lensing around Dyonic ModMax black hole: constraints from EHT observations
Lola Meliyeva, Obid Xoldorov, Olmos Tursunboyev, Shavkat Karshiboev, Sardor Murodov, Isomiddin Nishonov, Bekzod Rahmatov

2025, 49(12): 125102-125102-10. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adf4a0

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In this study, we investigate the properties of the Dyonic ModMax black hole solution using strong gravitational lensing. Additionally, we calculate the time delay between two relativistic images of a background object. First, we analyze expressions for the photon orbits in the spacetime of the Dyonic ModMax black hole. To obtain observational consequences, we provide expressions for the observable quantities, such as angular radius and magnifications. The numerous observations suggest that many nearby galaxies contain supermassive central black holes. In our model, such a supermassive black hole can be characterized by two additional parameters: γ and Q. Notably, the bending angle $ \alpha_D(b) $ and the angular position $ \theta_\infty $ decrease with increasing charge of the black hole Q, while the parameter γ displays opposite behavior to that of Q. By using observational data of supermassive black holes $ \mathrm{SgrA}^* $ and $ \mathrm{M}87^* $, we obtain constraints for these parameters.

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Refinement of an analytical capture cross section formula
Ning Wang

2025, 49(12): 124106-124106-8. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/adfe53

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An analytical formula with high accuracy is proposed for a systematic description of the capture cross sections at near-barrier energies from light to superheavy reaction systems. Based on the empirical barrier distribution method, three key input quantities are refined by introducing nuclear surface correction to the Coulomb parameter z for calculating the barrier height, incorporating the reaction Q-value and shell correction into the barrier distribution width calculations, and considering the deep inelastic scattering effects of superheavy systems on the barrier radius. With these refinements, the accuracy of not only the calculated barrier height but also the predicted capture cross sections is substantially improved. The average deviation (in logarithmic scale) between the predicted cross sections and the experimental data for 426 reaction systems with $ 35 < Z_1 Z_2 < 2600 $ is sharply reduced from 3.485 to 0.113.

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Current Issued

2025 Vol. 49, No. 10
Published: 25 September 2025

Particles And Fields
Nuclear Physics
Particle And Nuclear Astrophysics And Cosmology