Design of an efficient monochromatic electron source for inverse photoemission spectroscopy

  • A design for an efficient monochromatic electron source for Inverse Photoemission Spectroscopy (IPES) apparatus is described. The electron source consists of a BaO cathode, a focus electrostatic lens, a hemispherical deflection monochromator (HDM), and a transfer electrostatic lens. The HDM adopts a "slit-in and slit-out" structure and the degradation of first-order focusing is corrected by two electrodes between the two hemispheres, which has been investigated by both analytical methods and electron-ray tracing simulations using the SIMION program. Through the focus lens, the HDM, and the standard five-element transfer lens, an optimal energy resolution is estimated to be about 53 MeV with a beam flux of 27 μA. Pass energy (P.E.) of 10 eV and 5 eV are discussed, respectively.
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  • [1] Stiepel R, Ostendorf R, Benesch C et al. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2005, 76(6): 063109[2] Budke M, Renken V, Liebl H et al. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2007, 78(8): 083903[3] Stoffel N G, Johnson P D. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 1985, 234(2): 230-234[4] Maniraj M, D'Souza S W, Nayak J et al. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2011, 82(9): 093901[5] Funnemann D, Merz H. J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum., 1986, 19: 554[6] Nakatake M, Okamura Y, Akiyama S et al. J. Electron. Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom, 1998, 88: 1027-1030[7] Johnson P D, Hulbert S L. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 1990, 61(9): 2277[8] Young R D. Phys. Rev., 1959, 113(1): 110[9] Pierce J R. J. Appl. Phys., 1940, 11(8): 548-554[10] Erdman P W, Zipf E C. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 1982, 53(2): 225[11] Simpson J A, Kuyatt C E. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 1963, 34(3): 265[12] Granneman E H A, Van der Wiel M J. In: Handbook on Synchrotron Radiation, Vol. 1. eds. Koch E E, Sasaki T, Winick H. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1979. 389[13] Jensen K L, Lebowitz J, Lau Y Y et al. J. Appl. Phys., 2012, 111(5): 054917[14] Imhof R E, Adams A, King G C. J. Phys. E, 1976, 9(2): 138[15] LU Jia-He et al. Technology of Surface Analysis. Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 1987. 149-151 (in Chinese)[16] Sise O, Zouros T J M, Ulu M et al. Meas. Sci. Technol., 2007, 18(7): 1853[17] Hu D Q, Leung K T. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 1995, 66(1): 2865[18] Dogan M, Sise O, Ulu M. Radiat. Phys. Chem., 2007, 76(3): 445-449[19] Sise O, Ulu M, Dogan M. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 2005, 554(1): 114-131[20] Sise O, Ulu M, Dogan M. Radiat. Phys. Chem., 2007, 76(3): 593-598[21] Heddle D W O, Papadovassilakis N. J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum., 1984, 17(7): 599
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GENG Dong-Ping, YANG Ying-Guo, LIU Shu-Hu, HONG Cai-Hao and GAO Xing-Yu. Design of an efficient monochromatic electron source for inverse photoemission spectroscopy[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2014, 38(11): 118202. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/38/11/118202
GENG Dong-Ping, YANG Ying-Guo, LIU Shu-Hu, HONG Cai-Hao and GAO Xing-Yu. Design of an efficient monochromatic electron source for inverse photoemission spectroscopy[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2014, 38(11): 118202.  doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/38/11/118202 shu
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Received: 2014-01-15
Revised: 2014-05-05
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Design of an efficient monochromatic electron source for inverse photoemission spectroscopy

    Corresponding author: HONG Cai-Hao,
    Corresponding author: GAO Xing-Yu,

Abstract: A design for an efficient monochromatic electron source for Inverse Photoemission Spectroscopy (IPES) apparatus is described. The electron source consists of a BaO cathode, a focus electrostatic lens, a hemispherical deflection monochromator (HDM), and a transfer electrostatic lens. The HDM adopts a "slit-in and slit-out" structure and the degradation of first-order focusing is corrected by two electrodes between the two hemispheres, which has been investigated by both analytical methods and electron-ray tracing simulations using the SIMION program. Through the focus lens, the HDM, and the standard five-element transfer lens, an optimal energy resolution is estimated to be about 53 MeV with a beam flux of 27 μA. Pass energy (P.E.) of 10 eV and 5 eV are discussed, respectively.

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