A flow paradigm in heavy-ion collisions

Li Yan

doi:10.1088/1674-1137/42/4/042001

Chinese Physics C> 2018, Vol. 42> Issue(4) : 042001 DOI: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/4/042001

A flow paradigm in heavy-ion collisions

Li Yan ^,

Abstract
HTML
Reference
Related

PDF

Abstract：
The success of hydrodynamics in high energy heavy-ion collisions leads to a flow paradigm, to understand the observed features of harmonic flow in terms of the medium collective expansion with respect to initial state geometrical properties. In this review, we present some essential ingredients in the flow paradigm, including the hydrodynamic modeling, the characterization of initial state geometry and the medium response relations. The extension of the flow paradigm to small colliding systems is also discussed.
- heavy-ion collisions ,
- hydrodynamics ,
- harmonic flow

References

[1]	Edward Shuryak, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys., 62:48-101 (2009)
[2]	Edward Shuryak, Rev. Mod. Phys., 89:035001 (2017)
[3]	Misha A. Stephanov, K. Rajagopal, and Edward V. Shuryak, Phys. Rev. Lett., 81:4816-4819 (1998)
[4]	P. Kovtun, Dan T. Son, and Andrei O. Starinets, Phys. Rev. Lett., 94:111601 (2005)
[5]	Miklos Gyulassy, Ivan Vitev, Xin-Nian Wang, and Ben-Wei Zhang, Jet quenching and radiative energy loss in dense nuclear matter, 2003
[6]	R. Rapp, D. Blaschke, and P. Crochet, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys., 65:209-266 (2010)
[7]	Thomas Peitzmann and Markus H. Thoma, Phys. Rept., 364:175-246 (2002)
[8]	Jean-Franois Paquet, Chun Shen, Gabriel S. Denicol, Matthew Luzum, Bjrn Schenke, Sangyong Jeon, and Charles Gale, Phys. Rev. C, 93 (4):044906 (2016)
[9]	Dmitri E. Kharzeev, Larry D. McLerran, and Harmen J. Warringa, Nucl. Phys. A, 803:227-253 (2008)
[10]	H. Niemi, K. J. Eskola, R. Paatelainen, and K. Tuominen, Phys. Rev. C, 93 (1):014912 (2016)
[11]	Ekaterina Retinskaya, Matthew Luzum, and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Rev. C, 89 (1):014902 (2014)
[12]	J. Scott Moreland and Ron A. Soltz, Phys. Rev. C, 93 (4):044913 (2016)
[13]	Akihiko Monnai and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Rev. C, 96 (4):044902 (2017)
[14]	Pasi Huovinen and Pter Petreczky, Nucl. Phys. A, 837:26-53 (2010)
[15]	Paul Romatschke, Int. J. Mod. Phys. E, 19:1-53 (2010)
[16]	Rudolf Baier, Paul Romatschke, Dam Thanh Son, Andrei O. Starinets, and Mikhail A. Stephanov, JHEP, 04:100 (2008)
[17]	G. S. Denicol, H. Niemi, E. Molnar, and D. H. Rischke, Phys. Rev. D, 85:114047 (2012); Phys. Rev. D, 91 (3):039902 (2015)
[18]	H. Niemi and G. S. Denicol, How large is the Knudsen number reached in fluid dynamical simulations of ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions?, 2014
[19]	Scott McDonald, Chun Shen, Francois Fillion-Gourdeau, Sangyong Jeon, and Charles Gale, Phys. Rev. C, 95 (6):064913 (2017)
[20]	Jing Qian, Ulrich W. Heinz, and Jia Liu, Phys. Rev. C, 93 (6):064901 (2016)
[21]	Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler, Li Yan, Fernando G. Gardim, and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Rev. C, 93 (1):014909 (2016)
[22]	Chandrodoy Chattopadhyay, Rajeev S. Bhalerao, Jean-Yves Ollitrault, and Subrata Pal, Effects of initial-state dynamics on collective flow within a coupled transport and viscous hydrodynamic approach, 2017
[23]	D. Landau and E. Lifshitz, Statistical Physics Part 2, volume 6 of Course of Theoretical Physics, Pergamon Press, 2 edition, 1987
[24]	Azumi Sakai, Koichi Murase, and Tetsufumi Hirano, Nucl. Phys. A, 967:445-448 (2017)
[25]	C. Young, J. I. Kapusta, C. Gale, S. Jeon, and B. Schenke, Phys. Rev. C, 91 (4):044901 (2015)
[26]	Li Yan and Hanna Grnqvist, JHEP, 03:121 (2016)
[27]	J. I. Kapusta, B. Muller, and M. Stephanov, Phys. Rev. C, 85:054906 (2012)
[28]	Kenji Fukushima, Rept. Prog. Phys., 80 (2):022301 (2017)
[29]	Wojciech Florkowski, Michal P. Heller, and Michal Spalinski, New theories of relativistic hydrodynamics in the LHC era, 2017
[30]	M. Habich, G. A. Miller, P. Romatschke, and W. Xiang, Eur. Phys. J. C, 76 (7):408 (2016)
[31]	Bjoern Schenke, Prithwish Tribedy, and Raju Venugopalan, Phys. Rev. Lett., 108:252301 (2012)
[32]	B. Alver, M. Baker, C. Loizides, and P. Steinberg, The PHOBOS Glauber Monte Carlo, 2008
[33]	Dmitri Kharzeev, Eugene Levin, and Marzia Nardi, Nucl. Phys. A, 747:609-629 (2005)
[34]	J. Scott Moreland, Jonah E. Bernhard, and Steffen A. Bass, Phys. Rev. C, 92 (1):011901 (2015)
[35]	H. Niemi, K. J. Eskola, and R. Paatelainen, Phys. Rev. C, 93 (2):024907 (2016)
[36]	Fred Cooper and Graham Frye, Phys. Rev. D, 10:186 (1974)
[37]	Derek Teaney, Phys. Rev. C, 68:034913 (2003)
[38]	Akihiko Monnai and Tetsufumi Hirano, Phys. Rev. C, 80:054906 (2009)
[39]	Piotr Bozek, Phys. Rev. C, 81:034909 (2010)
[40]	Derek Teaney and Li Yan, Phys. Rev. C, 89 (1):014901 (2014)
[41]	S. A. Bass et al, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys., 41:255-369 (1998)
[42]	Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Rev. D, 46:229-245 (1992)
[43]	Derek Teaney and Li Yan, Phys. Rev. C, 83:064904 (2011)
[44]	Ekaterina Retinskaya, Matthew Luzum, and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Rev. Lett., 108:252302 (2012)
[45]	Nicolas Borghini, Phys. Rev. C, 75:021904 (2007)
[46]	B. Alver and G. Roland, Phys. Rev. C, 81:054905 (2010); Phys. Rev. C, 82:039903 (2010)
[47]	Steven S. Gubser and Amos Yarom, Nucl. Phys. B, 846:469-511 (2011)
[48]	K. M. O'Hara, S. L. Hemmer, M. E. Gehm, S. R. Granade, and J. E. Thomas, Science, 298:2179-2182 (2002)
[49]	Huichao Song and Ulrich W. Heinz, Phys. Rev. C, 78:024902 (2008)
[50]	Stefan Floerchinger and Urs Achim Wiedemann, JHEP, 08:005 (2014)
[51]	Stefan Floerchinger and Urs Achim Wiedemann, Phys. Lett. B, 728:407-411 (2014)
[52]	Rajeev S. Bhalerao, Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Subrata Pal, and Derek Teaney, Phys. Rev. Lett., 114 (15):152301 (2015)
[53]	Aleksas Mazeliauskas and Derek Teaney, Phys. Rev. C, 91 (4):044902 (2015)
[54]	Li Yan and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Rev. Lett., 112:082301 (2014)
[55]	Li Yan, Jean-Yves Ollitrault, and Arthur M. Poskanzer, Phys. Rev. C, 90 (2):024903 (2014)
[56]	Sergei A. Voloshin, Arthur M. Poskanzer, Aihong Tang, and Gang Wang, Phys. Lett. B, 659:537-541 (2008)
[57]	Jean-Paul Blaizot, Wojciech Broniowski, and Jean-Yves Ollitrault. Continuous description of fluctuating eccentricities. Phys. Lett. B, 738:166-171 (2014)
[58]	Jean-Paul Blaizot, Wojciech Broniowski, and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Rev. C, 90 (3):034906 (2014)
[59]	Hanna Grnqvist, Jean-Paul Blaizot, and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Rev. C, 94 (3):034905 (2016)
[60]	Jiangyong Jia and Derek Teaney, Eur. Phys. J. C, 73:2558 (2013)
[61]	Li Yan, Phys. Rev. C, 91 (6):064909 (2015)
[62]	Rajeev S. Bhalerao, Matthew Luzum, and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Rev. C, 84:054901 (2011)
[63]	B. Alver et al, Phys. Rev. C, 77:014906 (2008)
[64]	Rajeev S. Bhalerao, Jean-Yves Ollitrault, and Subrata Pal, Phys. Rev. C, 88:024909 (2013)
[65]	Li Yan and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Lett. B, 744:82-87 (2015)
[66]	L. P. Kadanoff and P. C. Martin, Annals of Physics, 24 (10):419-469 (1963)
[67]	H. Niemi, G. S. Denicol, H. Holopainen, and P. Huovinen, Phys. Rev. C, 87 (5):054901 (2013)
[68]	J. D. Bjorken, Phys. Rev. D, 27:140-151 (1983)
[69]	Pilar Staig and Edward Shuryak, Phys. Rev. C, 84:044912 (2011)
[70]	Roy A. Lacey, D. Reynolds, A. Taranenko, N. N. Ajitanand, J. M. Alexander, Fu-Hu Liu, Yi Gu, and A. Mwai, J. Phys. G, 43 (10):10LT01 (2016)
[71]	Derek Teaney and Li Yan, Phys. Rev. C, 86:044908 (2012)
[72]	Fernando G. Gardim, Frederique Grassi, Matthew Luzum, and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Rev. C, 85:024908 (2012)
[73]	Zhi Qiu and Ulrich W. Heinz, Phys. Rev. C, 84:024911 (2011)
[74]	Jing Qian, Ulrich Heinz, Ronghua He, and Lei Huo, Phys. Rev. C, 95 (5):054908 (2017)
[75]	Rajeev S. Bhalerao, Jean-Yves Ollitrault, and Subrata Pal, Phys. Lett. B, 742:94-98 (2015)
[76]	Shreyasi Acharya et al, Phys. Lett. B, 773:68-80 (2017)
[77]	Shengquan Tuo, Nucl. Phys. A, 967:381-384 (2017)
[78]	Georges Aad et al, Phys. Rev. C, 92 (3):034903 (2015)
[79]	Li Yan, Subrata Pal, and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Nucl. Phys. A, 956:340-343 (2016)
[80]	Nicolas Borghini and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Lett. B, 642:227-231 (2006)
[81]	Dieter Forster, David R. Nelson, and Michael J. Stephen, Phys. Rev. A, 16 (8):732-749 (1977)
[82]	Pavel Kovtun and Laurence G. Yaffe, Phys. Rev. D, 68:025007 (2003)
[83]	Pavel Kovtun, Guy D. Moore, and Paul Romatschke, Phys. Rev. D, 84:025006 (2011)
[84]	Yukinao Akamatsu, Aleksas Mazeliauskas, and Derek Teaney, Phys. Rev. C, 95 (1):014909 (2017)
[85]	Yukinao Akamatsu, Aleksas Mazeliauskas, and Derek Teaney, Bulk viscosity from hydrodynamic fluctuations with relativistic hydro-kinetic theory, 2017
[86]	Mauricio Martinez and Thomas Schfer, Hydrodynamic tails and a fluctuation bound on the bulk viscosity, 2017
[87]	Vardan Khachatryan et al, Phys. Rev. Lett., 116 (17):172302 (2016)
[88]	Serguei Chatrchyan et al, Phys. Lett. B, 724:213-240 (2013)
[89]	K. Aamodt et al, Phys. Lett. B, 708:249-264 (2012)
[90]	Fernando G. Gardim, Frederique Grassi, Matthew Luzum, and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Rev. C, 87 (3):031901 (2013)
[91]	Ulrich Heinz, Zhi Qiu, and Chun Shen, Phys. Rev. C, 87 (3):034913 (2013)
[92]	Vardan Khachatryan et al, Phys. Rev. C, 92 (3):034911 (2015)
[93]	Igor Kozlov, Matthew Luzum, Gabriel Denicol, Sangyong Jeon, and Charles Gale, Transverse momentum structure of pair correlations as a signature of collective behavior in small collision systems, 2014
[94]	Jaroslav Adam et al, Phys. Rev. Lett., 116 (13):132302 (2016)
[95]	Nicolas Borghini, Phuong Mai Dinh, and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Rev. C, 64:054901 (2001)
[96]	Nicolas Borghini, Phuong Mai Dinh, and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Rev. C, 63:054906 (2001)
[97]	Georges Aad et al, JHEP, 11:183 (2013)
[98]	Giuliano Giacalone, Li Yan, Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler, and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Rev. C, 95 (1):014913 (2017)
[99]	Betty Bezverkhny Abelev et al, Phys. Rev. C, 90 (5):054901 (2014)
[100]	Georges Aad et al, Phys. Rev. C, 90 (2):024905 (2014)
[101]	Jaroslav Adam et al, Phys. Rev. Lett., 117:182301 (2016)
[102]	L. Adamczyk et al, Harmonic decomposition of three-particle azimuthal correlations at RHIC, 2017
[103]	L. Adamczyk et al, Constraining the initial conditions and temperature dependent transport with three-particle correlations in Au+Au collisions, 2017
[104]	Paul Romatschke and Ulrike Romatschke, Phys. Rev. Lett., 99:172301 (2007)
[105]	Jiangyong Jia and Soumya Mohapatra, Phys. Rev. C, 88 (1):014907 (2013)
[106]	James R. Castle, Nucl. Phys. A, 967:401-404 (2017)
[107]	Li Yan, Jean-Yves Ollitrault, and Arthur M. Poskanzer, Phys. Lett. B, 742:290-295 (2015)
[108]	Vardan Khachatryan et al, Phys. Rev. Lett., 115 (1):012301 (2015)
[109]	Adam Bzdak, Piotr Bozek, and Larry McLerran, Nucl. Phys. A, 927:15-23 (2014)
[110]	Jiangyong Jia and Sooraj Radhakrishnan, Phys. Rev. C, 92 (2):024911 (2015)
[111]	Georges Aad et al, Eur. Phys. J. C, 74 (11):3157 (2014)
[112]	Giuliano Giacalone, Li Yan, Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler, and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 779 (1):012064 (2017)
[113]	Matthew Luzum and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Rev. C, 87 (4):044907 (2013)
[114]	D. Teaney and L. Yan, Phys. Rev. C, 90 (2):024902 (2014)
[115]	You Zhou, Nucl. Phys. A, 967:377-380 (2017)
[116]	Ante Bilandzic, Christian Holm Christensen, Kristjan Gulbrandsen, Alexander Hansen, and You Zhou, Phys. Rev. C, 89 (6):064904 (2014)
[117]	Giuliano Giacalone, Li Yan, Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler, and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, Phys. Rev. C, 94 (1):014906 (2016)
[118]	Serguei Chatrchyan et al, Phys. Lett. B, 718:795-814 (2013)
[119]	Albert M Sirunyan et al, Observation of correlated azimuthal anisotropy Fourier harmonics in pp and pPb collisions at the LHC, 2017
[120]	Betty Bezverkhny Abelev et al, Phys. Lett. B, 726:164-177 (2013)
[121]	Morad Aaboud et al, Measurement of multi-particle azimuthal correlations with the subevent cumulant method in pp and p+Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, 2017
[122]	Morad Aaboud et al, Eur. Phys. J. C, 77 (6):428 (2017)
[123]	A. Adare et al, Phys. Rev. Lett., 114 (19):192301 (2015)
[124]	A. Adare et al, Phys. Rev. Lett., 115 (14):142301 (2015)
[125]	Vardan Khachatryan et al, Phys. Lett. B, 765:193-220 (2017)
[126]	Piotr Bozek, Phys. Rev. C, 85:014911 (2012)
[127]	Piotr Bozek and Wojciech Broniowski, Phys. Lett. B, 718:1557-1561 (2013)
[128]	Piotr Bozek and Wojciech Broniowski, Phys. Lett. B, 747:135-138 (2015)
[129]	Piotr Bozek and Wojciech Broniowski, Phys. Rev. C, 88 (1):014903 (2013)
[130]	J. L. Nagle, A. Adare, S. Beckman, T. Koblesky, J. Orjuela Koop, D. McGlinchey, P. Romatschke, J. Carlson, J. E. Lynn, and M. McCumber, Phys. Rev. Lett., 113 (11):112301 (2014)
[131]	Adam Bzdak, Bjoern Schenke, Prithwish Tribedy, and Raju Venugopalan, Phys. Rev. C, 87 (6):064906 (2013)
[132]	Bjoern Schenke and Raju Venugopalan, Phys. Rev. Lett., 113:102301 (2014)
[133]	Adam Bzdak and Guo-Liang Ma, Phys. Rev. Lett., 113 (25):252301 (2014)
[134]	Paul M. Chesler, JHEP, 03:146 (2016)
[135]	Gke Başar and Derek Teaney, Phys. Rev. C, 90 (5):054903 (2014)
[136]	Chun Shen, Ulrich Heinz, Pasi Huovinen, and Huichao Song, Phys. Rev. C, 84:044903 (2011)
[137]	Bjoern Schenke, Soeren Schlichting, Prithwish Tribedy, and Raju Venugopalan, Phys. Rev. Lett., 117 (16):162301 (2016)
[138]	Bjrn Schenke and Raju Venugopalan, Nucl. Phys. A, 931:1039-1044 (2014)
[139]	Paul Romatschke, Eur. Phys. J. C, 75 (7):305 (2015)
[140]	R. Baier, Alfred H. Mueller, D. Schiff, and D. T. Son, Phys. Lett. B, 502:51-58 (2001)
[141]	Aleksi Kurkela and Yan Zhu, Phys. Rev. Lett., 115 (18):182301 (2015)
[142]	Jean-Paul Blaizot and Li Yan, JHEP, 11:161 (2017)
[143]	Peter Brockway Arnold, Jonathan Lenaghan, Guy D. Moore, and Laurence G. Yaffe, Phys. Rev. Lett., 94:072302 (2005)
[144]	Paul M. Chesler and Laurence G. Yaffe, Phys. Rev. Lett., 102:211601 (2009)
[145]	Paul M. Chesler and Laurence G. Yaffe, JHEP, 10:070 (2015)
[146]	Dennis Bazow, Ulrich W. Heinz, and Michael Strickland, Phys. Rev. C, 90 (5):054910 (2014)
[147]	Mauricio Martinez and Michael Strickland, Nucl. Phys. A, 848:183-197 (2010)
[148]	Wojciech Florkowski and Radoslaw Ryblewski, Phys. Rev. C, 83:034907 (2011)
[149]	Paul Romatschke and Michael Strickland, Phys. Rev. D, 68:036004 (2003)
[150]	Michael Strickland, Acta Phys. Polon. B, 45 (12):2355-2394 (2014)
[151]	S.R. Groot, W.A. Leeuwen, and C.G. van Weert, Relativistic kinetic theory:principles and applications, (North-Holland Pub. Co., 1980)
[152]	Michal P. Heller, Aleksi Kurkela, and Michal Spalinski, Hydrodynamization and transient modes of expanding plasma in kinetic theory, 2016
[153]	Gabriel S. Denicol and Jorge Noronha, Divergence of the Chapman-Enskog expansion in relativistic kinetic theory, 2016
[154]	Michal P. Heller and Michal Spalinski, Phys. Rev. Lett., 115 (7):072501 (2015)
[155]	Michal P. Heller, Romuald A. Janik, and Przemyslaw Witaszczyk, Phys. Rev. Lett., 110 (21):211602 (2013)
[156]	Pavel K. Kovtun and Andrei O. Starinets, Phys. Rev. D, 72:086009 (2005)
[157]	Gerald V. Dunne and Mithat Unsal, JHEP, 11:170 (2012)
[158]	Gerald V. Dunne and Mithat nsal, PoS, LATTICE2015:010 (2016)
[159]	Daniele Dorigoni, An Introduction to Resurgence, TransSeries and Alien Calculus, 2014
[160]	Alex Buchel, Michal P. Heller, and Jorge Noronha, Phys. Rev. D, 94 (10):106011 (2016)
[161]	Michael Strickland, Jorge Noronha, and Gabriel Denicol, The anisotropic non-equilibrium hydrodynamic attractor, 2017
[162]	Gabriel S. Denicol and Jorge Noronha, Analytical attractor and the divergence of the slow-roll expansion in relativistic hydrodynamics, 2017
[163]	Paul Romatschke, Relativistic Hydrodynamic Attractors with Broken Symmetries:Non-Conformal and Non-Homogeneous, 2017

[1]	Shu-Qing Li , Wen-Jing Xing , Shanshan Cao , Guang-You Qin . Quenching and flow of charm and bottom quarks via semi-leptonic decay of D and B mesons in Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC. Chinese Physics C, 2024, 48(8): 084106. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ad4c59
[2]	Zeming Wu , Baochi Fu , Shujun Zhao , Runsheng Liu , Huichao Song . Collective flow and fluid behavior in p/d/³He+Au collisions at ${ \sqrt{\boldsymbol s_{\boldsymbol NN}} \bf = 200}$ GeV. Chinese Physics C, 2024, 48(10): 104102. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ad5ae8
[3]	Jun Yan , Shi-Yong Chen , Wei Dai , Zhang Ben-Wei , En-Ke Wang . Medium modifications of girth distributions for inclusive jets and Z⁰+jets in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at the LHC. Chinese Physics C, 2021, 45(2): 024102. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/abca2b
[4]	Shu-Qing Li , Wen-Jing Xing , Feng-Lei Liu , Shanshan Cao , Guang-You Qin . Heavy flavor quenching and flow: the roles of initial condition, pre-equilibrium evolution, and in-medium interaction. Chinese Physics C, 2020, 44(11): 114101. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/abadee
[5]	Ya-Fei Guo , Peng-Hui Chen , Fei Niu , Zhao-Qing Feng . Isospin effect in peripheral heavy-ion collisions at Fermi energies. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(12): 124106. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/12/124106
[6]	Ze-Fang Jiang , C. B. Yang , Chi Ding , Xiang-Yu Wu . Pseudo-rapidity distribution from a perturbative solution of viscous hydrodynamics for heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(12): 123103. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/12/123103
[7]	Shu He , Xiaofeng Luo . Event-by-event efficiency fluctuations and efficiency correction for cumulants of superposed multiplicity distributions in relativistic heavy-ion collision experiments. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(10): 104001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/10/104001
[8]	Fufang Wen , Jacob Bryon , Liwen Wen , Gang Wang . Event-shape-engineering study of charge separation in heavy-ion collisions. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(1): 014001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/1/014001
[9]	Jiamin Chen , Xiaofeng Luo , Feng Liu , Yasushi Nara . Effects of mean-field and softening of equation of state on elliptic flow in Au+Au collisions at √s_NN=5 GeV from the JAM model. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(2): 024001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/2/024001
[10]	Su-Ya-La-Tu Zhang , Mei-Rong Huang , R. Wada , Xing-Quan Liu , Wei-Ping Lin , Jian-Song Wang . Symmetry energy and experimentally observed cold fragments in intermediate heavy-ion collisions. Chinese Physics C, 2017, 41(4): 044001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/41/4/044001
[11]	Yang Zhong , Chun-Bin Yang , Xu Cai , Sheng-Qin Feng . Chiral electric field in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at energies available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Chinese Physics C, 2016, 40(8): 084103. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/40/8/084103
[12]	XING Yong-Zhong , DAI Yue-Qian . Collective flow of K⁺ mesons in heavy-ion collisions predicted by the covariant Kaon dynamics. Chinese Physics C, 2015, 39(11): 114104. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/11/114104
[13]	YAN Ting-Zhi , LI Shan . Impact parameter dependence of the scaling of anisotropic flowsin intermediate energy heavy-ion collisions. Chinese Physics C, 2014, 38(8): 084104. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/38/8/084104
[14]	YAN Ting-Zhi . Energy dependence for directed and elliptic flow in in termediate-energy heavy ion collisions. Chinese Physics C, 2013, 37(1): 014105. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/37/1/014105
[15]	FENG Xiu-Mei , ZHANG Ben-Wei . Drell-Yan dilepton production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC. Chinese Physics C, 2011, 35(9): 829-832. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/35/9/008
[16]	XIE Wen-Jie , YANG De , WANG Cui-Ping , WANG Zhi-Gang . Transverse mass distributions in central heavy-ion collisions at high energies. Chinese Physics C, 2011, 35(4): 355-362. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/35/4/007
[17]	CUI Xiang-Li , LV Yan , WANG Xiao-Lian , PENG Ru . Spatial anisotropy: a method to study anisotropic flow in heavy ion collisions. Chinese Physics C, 2011, 35(5): 471-474. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/35/5/013
[18]	WU Feng-Juan , SHAN Lian-Qiang , ZHANG Jing-Bo , TANG Gui-Xin , HUO Lei . Azimuthal correlations between directed and elliptic flow in heavy ion collisions. Chinese Physics C, 2008, 32(12): 984-988. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/32/12/008
[19]	Chen Liewen , Ge Lingxiao , Zhang Fengshou . “Neck” Formation and Fragmentation in Intermediate Energy Heavy-ion Collisions. Chinese Physics C, 1997, 21(S4): 73-78.
[20]	Liu Yiming , Zhang Weigang , Huo Lei , Wang Shan , D. Keane , S. Y. Chu , S. Y. Fung . Transverse Motion Correlation of Collective Flow in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions. Chinese Physics C, 1994, 18(S2): 167-174.

Access

Get Citation

Li Yan. A flow paradigm in heavy-ion collisions[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(4): 042001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/4/042001

Li Yan. A flow paradigm in heavy-ion collisions[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(4): 042001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/4/042001 shu

RIS(for EndNote,Reference Manager,ProCite)

BibTex

Txt

Milestone

Received: 2018-01-03

Fund

Supported by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada

Article Metric

Article Views(1694)
PDF Downloads(63)
Cited by(0)

Policy on re-use

To reuse of subscription content published by CPC, the users need to request permission from CPC, unless the content was published under an Open Access license which automatically permits that type of reuse.

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

A flow paradigm in heavy-ion collisions

Abstract：

References

Access

Article Metrics

Metrics

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Email This Article

A flow paradigm in heavy-ion collisions

Corresponding author: Li Yan,

HTML

目录