• [1]

    Schechter J, Ueda Y. Phys. Rev., 1973, D8:484–490; Fritzsch H, Minsowski P. Phys. Lett., 1976, B63:99–103; Singer M, Valle J W F, Schechter J. Phys. Rev., 1980, D22:738–743 2 Chen Fengzhi, Me Chuanhui, Wang Ping. High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics (in Chinese), 1991,15(6):504–509 Pisno F, Pleitez V. Phys. Rev., 1992, D46:410–417; Frampton P H. Physical Rev. Lett,1992, 69:2889–2891; Montero J C, Pisano F, Pleitez V. Phys. Rev., 1993, D47:2918–2929.(陈凤至,聂传辉,王平.高能物理与核物理1991,15(6):504—509) 3 Flores R. Olive K A. Phys. Rev., 1994, D50: 1238–12394 Faber S M Gallapher J J. Annal Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 1979, 17: 135–1875 De Rujula A, Chashow S L Phys. Rev. Lett, 1980, 45:942–9446 Walker T P, Steigman G, Schramm D. The Astrophysical Journal, 1991, 376:51–69 7 Berezinsky V, Valle J W F Phys. Lett., 1993, B318:360–366 8 Kolb E W, Turner M S. The Early Universe. Redwood City. California: Adison–Wesley Publishing Company,1990